Soil can generally be divided into alkaline soil, neutral soil, and acidic soil. Neutral soil is suitable for most crop cultivation, while strong alkaline and strong acidic soil are not suitable for many plant growth, so effective measures need to be taken for improvement. Now briefly introduce the improvement methods of alkaline soil:
Key points of fertilization techniques for alkaline soils
Firstly, when fertilizing alkaline farmland soil, attention should also be paid to increasing the application of decomposed organic fertilizer, decomposed farmhouse fertilizer, or straw returning to the field, because organic fertilizer, farmhouse fertilizer, etc. have the function of regulating acidity and alkalinity. Long term use can play a good role in improving and repairing soil, balancing soil acidity and alkalinity, and improving soil fertility.
Secondly, in alkaline farmland soil, fertilization can be combined with the use of base fertilizer. 40-50 kilograms of gypsum, mainly composed of calcium sulfate, can be applied per acre (note that quicklime is used on acidic soil, pay attention to the difference). This can increase soil acidity and reduce soil alkalinity through gypsum. After 2-3 years, when the soil is close to neutral or slightly acidic, it can be stopped.
Thirdly, when fertilizing alkaline farmland soil, it is not only necessary to avoid using alkaline fertilizers again (which will increase the alkalinity of the soil), but also to choose as many acidic fertilizers as possible (using the acidity of fertilizers to gradually reduce the alkalinity of the soil), such as using humic acid fertilizers, superphosphate, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, ammonium nitrate, aluminum sulfate, ferrous sulfate (see quick effect but short alkali reducing effect), sulfur powder (see slow effect but long alkali reducing effect) and other acidic fertilizers.
Fourthly, when fertilizing alkaline farmland soil, attention should be paid to deep application methods such as hole and ditch application of nitrogen fertilizer (especially ammonium bicarbonate), otherwise it is easy to cause a large amount of ammonia volatilization and nutrient loss in nitrogen fertilizer;
Fifthly, alkaline soil can reduce the availability of phosphorus in the soil (phosphorus elements are easily fixed and lost by the soil), which can lead to phosphorus deficiency during crop growth. Therefore, alkaline soil fertilization should pay attention to increasing the amount of phosphorus appropriately.
Sixth, crops grown on alkaline soil are prone to nutrient deficiencies such as molybdenum, zinc, iron, boron, and manganese. Therefore, when planting crops on alkaline soil, it is recommended to timely use foliar fertilizers containing the aforementioned elements during crop growth to prevent nutrient deficiencies from affecting growth and yield quality.
Seventh, when improving alkaline soil, people can also purchase alkaline soil amendments for use.
