Beibei pumpkin is a type of annual vine herbaceous plant in the Cucurbitaceae family. A single fruit weighs 300-600 grams, with a flat round shape and dark green to black skin with a light green hidden stripe. The flesh is orange yellow, powdery, sticky, and sweet, and has good commercial value. Here is a brief summary of the technical points, providing reference for the high-yield and high-quality cultivation of Beibei pumpkin.
1. Broadcasting date selection
Beibei pumpkin cultivation is divided into two seasons: spring and autumn, with seedlings raised in February and planted in March; Autumn crops are nurtured in July and planted in August.
2. Seed disinfection
Seed disinfection is carried out by soaking the seeds in warm soup. Soak the seeds in water at 55-60 ℃ for 15-30 minutes 24 to 48 hours in advance to kill viruses and bacteria on the surface of the seeds. Then soak the seeds for 4-6 hours to soften the seed coat and allow the seeds to fully absorb water. Pour out the water, cover it with a wet towel, and place it in a room temperature. Prepare for sowing on the second day (coated seeds do not need to be soaked, but only need to be exposed to the sun for 3-5 hours to sow).
3. Hole seeding
The seedling stage of Beibei pumpkin is about 40 days, and strong seedlings are cultivated using 50 hole hole trays. Spray 1500 to 3000 times the amount of 98% chlorpyrifos on the hole tray and seedling substrate to prevent soil borne diseases such as wilt and collapse. Commercial peat is used as the seedling substrate, and a small amount of water is added to wet it. The spray is used to spray chemicals while mixing evenly, and then it is loaded into the hole tray. The hole with a depth of 1-1.5cm is pressed out. The seeds are placed in the hole horizontally, covered with the substrate, and watered until the water seepage hole at the bottom of the hole tray comes out.
4. Seedling management
After the cotyledons of the seedlings are unfolded, spray them with a 600 fold solution of 2.1% carvacrol or a 300-600 fold solution of Trichoderma harzianum to prevent sudden death. When growing to the second leaf, supplement 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate appropriately as leaf fertilizer. Before transplantation, water thoroughly and spray broad-spectrum fungicides such as chlorothalonil, carbendazim, and mancozeb once to improve the plant's disease resistance after transplantation. Hang yellow and blue boards to trap and kill pests such as aphids and whiteflies.
1. Seedling planting
When the melon seedlings reach the third leaf, they can be transplanted and planted. For the convenience of field management, planting is generally carried out in protected areas with a spacing of 80cm. Before planting, keep the substrate moist, maintain ventilation in the greenhouse during planting, and thoroughly water the roots after transplanting.
2. Pruning and hanging vines
Use double vine pruning, pick the heart when it reaches the 5th leaf, select 2 strong sub vines as the fruiting vines, and remove all the rest. When the fruit vine grows to 30cm, hang it and attach the growth point to the hanging line. The other vines are coiled near the root, and the old leaves at the base are removed in a timely manner.
3. Promote female flowers
When the fruit vine grows to the 8th to 10th leaf, spray 400-500 times the amount of melatonin per mu, once a day, and continuously spray 3-4 times. Zenggualing is an exogenous growth regulator for plants, which can increase the number of female flowers in melons. When used, it should be controlled within a reasonable concentration. Excessive concentration will cause problems such as leaf curling, internode shortening, and inhibition of growth points. Leave 4-6 fruits per vine, and leave 4-6 leaves above the top fruit before topping.
4. Artificial pollination
Beibei pumpkin is a unisexual flower, and there are few insect vectors in the facility. It is necessary to complete artificial pollination before 10:00 am to improve the success rate of pollination. Remove the male flowers from the plant, remove the petals, expose the stamens, and apply pollen from the stamens to the stigma of the female flowers to complete pollination. Pay attention to applying evenly.
To ensure the fruit setting rate, after 10-15 days of spraying Zenggualing, the method of spraying flowers can also be used. A handheld spray can be aimed at the female flower stamens and sprayed with 100-300 times Zenggualing (0.1% chlorpyrifos) to induce plant parthenocarpy.
5. Water and fertilizer management
The characteristic of Beibei pumpkin's fertilizer requirement is light in the front and heavy in the back. Before sitting on the melon, avoid excessive water and fertilizer to prevent excessive nutrient growth of the plant, making it difficult to sit on the melon; After sitting on the melon, increase water and fertilizer to promote the simultaneous expansion of the melon and fruit on the plant.
